Moles to Particles Calculator (Avogadro's Number)
Convert moles to number of particles (atoms, molecules or ions) using Avogadro's number 6.022×10²³ mol⁻¹. For education only.
How to use this tool
- Enter amount (moles) in the fields above.
- Results update instantly as you type — or click Calculate.
- Read your number of particles and the full breakdown beneath it.
Avogadro's number N_A = 6.022×10²³ mol⁻¹ is the number of particles (atoms, molecules, ions, etc.) in one mole. Formula: N = moles × N_A.
Example: 2 mol of H₂O contains 2 × 6.022×10²³ = 1.204×10²⁴ molecules.
For education only.
Formula
N = n × NA
where n is the amount in moles and NA = 6.02214076 × 1023 mol−1 (Avogadro's number).
How it works
This calculator multiplies the number of moles by Avogadro's number (6.02214076 × 10²³ mol⁻¹) to find the total count of individual particles — atoms, molecules, ions, or formula units depending on the substance.
The result is also expressed in scientific notation (coefficient × 10n) for readability. The calculation uses the 2019 SI-defined exact value of Avogadro's number; very large or very small mole values may lose precision due to floating-point arithmetic.
Worked example
Worked example: particles in 1 mole of a substance
- Identify input: moles = 1.0 mol.
- Apply Avogadro's number: N = 1.0 × 6.02214076 × 10²³.
- Express as scientific notation: coefficient ≈ 6.0221, exponent = 23.
Coefficient (scientific notation) = 6.0221 (i.e., 6.0221 × 10²³ particles)
Key terms
- Avogadro's number (N_A)
- The number of constituent particles in one mole of a substance: exactly 6.02214076 × 10²³ mol⁻¹.
- Scientific notation
- A way of expressing large or small numbers as a coefficient (1 ≤ c < 10) multiplied by a power of 10.
- Particle
- In this context, any discrete chemical entity counted by Avogadro's number — atom, molecule, ion, or formula unit.
- Mole (mol)
- The SI base unit for amount of substance; defined so that one mole of any substance contains exactly N_A entities.
Frequently asked questions
- What is Avogadro's number?
- N_A = 6.02214076×10²³ mol⁻¹ (exact since 2019 SI redefinition). It defines how many elementary entities are in one mole of a substance.
- What counts as a 'particle'?
- Depends on context: atoms (for elements), molecules (for molecular compounds), formula units (for ionic compounds), or ions. Always specify the entity.