AbraCalc

Watts to dBm Converter

Convert RF power from watts to dBm and dBW. Enter power in watts to get dBm and dBW. Used in RF engineering, cellular and Wi-Fi design.

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How to use this tool

  1. Enter power in the fields above.
  2. Results update instantly as you type — or click Calculate.
  3. Read your power and the full breakdown beneath it.

dBm = 10 × log₁₀(P / 1 mW) = 10 × log₁₀(P × 1000), where P is in watts. dBW = 10 × log₁₀(P). Every 10 dBm increase represents a tenfold power increase: 0 dBm (1 mW) → 10 dBm (10 mW) → 20 dBm (100 mW) → 30 dBm (1 W).

Formula

dBm = 10 × log10(P × 1000)

dBW = 10 × log10(P)

where P is power in watts.

How it works

dBm expresses power relative to 1 mW, so the watt value is first multiplied by 1000 to convert to milliwatts before taking the base-10 logarithm and multiplying by 10.

dBW uses the same formula but referenced to 1 W, so the multiplication by 1000 is omitted; as a consequence dBW is always exactly 30 less than dBm for the same power level.

Worked example

Worked example — 1 W

  1. Input: 1 W.
  2. Convert to mW: 1 × 1000 = 1000 mW.
  3. dBm = 10 × log₁₀(1000) = 10 × 3 = 30 dBm.
  4. dBW = 10 × log₁₀(1) = 10 × 0 = 0 dBW.

30 dBm, 0 dBW, 1000 mW.

Key terms

dBm
Decibels relative to one milliwatt; a logarithmic power unit standard in RF and telecommunications.
dBW
Decibels relative to one watt; equals dBm minus 30.
Base-10 logarithm
log₁₀(x) is the exponent to which 10 must be raised to equal x; log₁₀(1000) = 3.
Power ratio
The comparison of one power level to a reference, expressed in decibels as 10 × log₁₀(P/P_ref).
Milliwatt (mW)
One thousandth of a watt; the reference power for the dBm scale.

Frequently asked questions

How much power does a phone transmit?
A typical smartphone transmits at 0–23 dBm (1 mW to 200 mW) depending on the distance to the cell tower and the band used.
Why use dBm instead of watts?
dBm compresses a huge range (picowatts to kilowatts) into a manageable scale and makes gain/loss calculations simple additions and subtractions.

References & sources